262 lines
5.1 KiB
Markdown
262 lines
5.1 KiB
Markdown
---
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title: Winform
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date: 2022-11-18 14:48:31
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author: 文永达
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top_img: https://gcore.jsdelivr.net/gh/volantis-x/cdn-wallpaper/abstract/B951AE18-D431-417F-B3FE-A382403FF21B.jpeg
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tags: [WinForms, .NET, 桌面应用, GUI]
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categories: [后端开发, .NET]
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---
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# Winform
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## Net Framework
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### 控件属性
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#### Name
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表示控件名
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```c#
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this.button1.Name = "button1";
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```
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#### Text
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表示控件文本显示
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```c#
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this.button.Text = "button1";
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```
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### 控件事件
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#### button按钮
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##### click
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#### comboBox
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##### SelectedIndexChanged
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问题：SelectedIndexChanged控件，初始加载的时候总会进去两次，SelectedValue 值总为System.Data.DataRowView。
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原因：最后才发现自己是先绑定数据源，后设置控件ValueMember和DisplayMember属性。
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解决办法：正确的做法是先设置这两个属性，后绑定数据源。
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##### 绑定数据源
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```c#
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DataTable dt = new DataTable();
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dt.Columns.Add("ID", typeof(string));
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dt.Columns.Add("NAME", typeof(string));
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DataRow dr = dt.NewRow();
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dr["ID"] = "1";
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dr["NAME"] = "NAME1";
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dt.Rows.Add(dr);
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dr = dt.NewRow();
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dr["ID"] = "2";
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dr["NAME"] = "NAME2";
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dt.Rows.Add(dr);
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this.comboBox1.DisplayMember = "NAME";
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this.comboBox1.ValueMember= "ID";
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this.comboBox1.DataSource = dt;
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```
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### 控件文本显示国际化
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#### 使用资源文件方式
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在解决方案根目录新建`App_GlobalResources`文件夹
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新建 `Resource.en-US.resx` 资源文件
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放置英文文本
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新建 `Resource.resx`资源文件
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放置默认简体中文文本
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根目录新建 `ResourceCulture.cs`类
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```c#
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using System;
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using System.Collections.Generic;
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using System.Globalization;
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using System.Linq;
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using System.Resources;
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using System.Text;
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using System.Threading;
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namespace WindowsFormsApp1
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{
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public class ResourceCulture
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{
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// 设置需要的语言文本资源文件
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public static void SetCurrentCulture(string name)
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{
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if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(name))
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{
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name = "en-US";
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}
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Thread.CurrentThread.CurrentCulture = new System.Globalization.CultureInfo(name);
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}
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// 获取资源文件中的文本
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public static string GetString(string id)
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{
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string strCurLanguage = "";
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try
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{
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ResourceManager rm = new ResourceManager("WindowsFormsApp1.App_GlobalResources.Resource",
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System.Reflection.Assembly.GetExecutingAssembly());
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CultureInfo ci = Thread.CurrentThread.CurrentCulture;
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strCurLanguage = rm.GetString(id, ci);
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}
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catch
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{
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strCurLanguage = "No id" + id + ", please add.";
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}
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return strCurLanguage;
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}
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}
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}
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```
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控件里调用
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新建initRes()方法
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```c#
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private void initRes()
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{
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// 设置 窗体form 名称
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this.Text = ResourceCulture.GetString("Form1_frmText");
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// 设置 分组框 groupbox 名称
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this.gbLanguageView.Text = ResourceCulture.GetString("gbLanguageView_frmText");
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this.gbLanguageSelection.Text = ResourceCulture.GetString("gbLanguageSelection_frmText");
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}
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```
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可以在窗体初始化调用加载
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```c#
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private void Form1_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)
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{
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this.initRes();
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}
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```
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如果是一个切换语言的窗体
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新建可以切换的控件，这里使用`RadioButton`，因为是中英文切换，所以需要建两个`RadioButton`
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使用`click`事件
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```c#
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private void radioButton1_CheckedChanged(object sender, EventArgs e)
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{
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ResourceCulture.SetCurrentCulture("en-US");
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this.SetResourceCulture();
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}
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private void radioButton2_CheckedChanged(object sender, EventArgs e)
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{
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ResourceCulture.SetCurrentCulture("zh-CN");
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this.SetResourceCulture();
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}
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```
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## Net Core
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### 打开其他窗体的三种方式
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#### Show
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例如登入界面进入主页面，直接将主页面展示出来，两个窗体互不影响
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```c#
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public partial class Form1 : Form
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{
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public Form1()
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{
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InitializeComponent();
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}
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private void button1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
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{
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Form2 form2 = new Form2();
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form2.Show();
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}
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}
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```
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#### Owner
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例如text文件中的“替换”选项，打开界面后不关闭也是允许操作主页面的
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```c#
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public partial class Form1 : Form
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{
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public Form1()
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{
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InitializeComponent();
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}
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private void button1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
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{
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Form2 form2 = new Form2();
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form2.Owner = this;
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form2.Show();
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}
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}
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```
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#### ShowDialog
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例如text文件中的“打开”选项，打开界面后不关闭是不允许操作主页面的
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### 让子窗体显示在父窗体之上
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```c#
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public partial class Form1 : Form
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{
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public Form1()
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{
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InitializeComponent();
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}
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private void button1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
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{
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Form2 form2 = new Form2();
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form2.Show(this); // this代表父窗体也就是Form1
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}
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}
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```
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### TextBox
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#### 属性
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##### Multiline
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控制编辑控件的文本是否能够跨越多行。
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##### ScrollBars
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指示对于多行编辑控件，将为此控件显示哪些滚动条
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##### WordWrap
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指示多行编辑控件是否自动换行
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