docs: 添加Linux相关技术文档
新增多篇Linux技术文档，涵盖基础命令、文件操作、用户权限、网络配置、进程管理、软件安装、系统监控和磁盘管理等主题。每篇文档包含详细命令示例和使用说明，适合作为Linux系统管理参考手册。 文档内容包含： 1. Linux基础命令与快捷键 2. 文件操作与查找技巧 3. 用户管理与权限配置 4. 网络配置与防火墙管理 5. 进程与服务管理方法 6. 软件包管理与安装 7. 系统资源监控命令 8. 磁盘分区与LVM管理
This commit is contained in:
@@ -0,0 +1,220 @@
|
||||
---
|
||||
title: Linux系统监控
|
||||
date: 2021-04-07 16:04:58
|
||||
author: 文永达
|
||||
top_img: https://gcore.jsdelivr.net/gh/volantis-x/cdn-wallpaper/abstract/00E0F0ED-9F1C-407A-9AA6-545649D919F4.jpeg
|
||||
tags: [Linux, Shell, 系统监控]
|
||||
categories: [操作系统, Linux]
|
||||
---
|
||||
|
||||
# Linux系统监控
|
||||
|
||||
## CPU信息
|
||||
|
||||
### lscpu 命令
|
||||
|
||||
查看 CPU 的统计信息。
|
||||
|
||||
```shell
|
||||
lscpu
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
**输出示例**：
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
Architecture: x86_64
|
||||
CPU op-mode(s): 32-bit, 64-bit
|
||||
Byte Order: Little Endian
|
||||
CPU(s): 40
|
||||
On-line CPU(s) list: 0-39
|
||||
Thread(s) per core: 2
|
||||
Core(s) per socket: 10
|
||||
Socket(s): 2
|
||||
NUMA node(s): 2
|
||||
Vendor ID: GenuineIntel
|
||||
CPU family: 6
|
||||
Model: 85
|
||||
Model name: Intel(R) Xeon(R) Silver 4210 CPU @ 2.20GHz
|
||||
Stepping: 7
|
||||
CPU MHz: 999.963
|
||||
CPU max MHz: 3200.0000
|
||||
CPU min MHz: 1000.0000
|
||||
BogoMIPS: 4400.00
|
||||
Virtualization: VT-x
|
||||
L1d cache: 32K
|
||||
L1i cache: 32K
|
||||
L2 cache: 1024K
|
||||
L3 cache: 14080K
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
### 查看 CPU 详细信息
|
||||
|
||||
```shell
|
||||
cat /proc/cpuinfo
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
**输出示例**：
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
processor : 0
|
||||
vendor_id : GenuineIntel
|
||||
cpu family : 6
|
||||
model : 85
|
||||
model name : Intel(R) Xeon(R) Silver 4210 CPU @ 2.20GHz
|
||||
stepping : 7
|
||||
microcode : 0x5003303
|
||||
cpu MHz : 999.963
|
||||
cache size : 14080 KB
|
||||
physical id : 0
|
||||
siblings : 20
|
||||
core id : 0
|
||||
cpu cores : 10
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
---
|
||||
|
||||
## 内存信息
|
||||
|
||||
### free 命令
|
||||
|
||||
概要查看内存情况。
|
||||
|
||||
```shell
|
||||
free -m
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
**输出示例**（单位：MB）：
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
total used free shared buff/cache available
|
||||
Mem: 31595 14770 3182 253 13643 16150
|
||||
Swap: 65535 0 65535
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
### 查看内存详细使用
|
||||
|
||||
```shell
|
||||
cat /proc/meminfo
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
**输出示例**：
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
MemTotal: 32354112 kB
|
||||
MemFree: 3377564 kB
|
||||
MemAvailable: 16657484 kB
|
||||
Buffers: 725916 kB
|
||||
Cached: 12127832 kB
|
||||
SwapCached: 0 kB
|
||||
Active: 21031256 kB
|
||||
Inactive: 5694748 kB
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
---
|
||||
|
||||
## 硬盘信息
|
||||
|
||||
### lsblk 命令
|
||||
|
||||
查看硬盘和分区分布。
|
||||
|
||||
```shell
|
||||
lsblk
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
**输出示例**：
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
NAME MAJ:MIN RM SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT
|
||||
sda 8:0 0 447.1G 0 disk
|
||||
├─sda1 8:1 0 200M 0 part /boot/efi
|
||||
├─sda2 8:2 0 1G 0 part /boot
|
||||
├─sda3 8:3 0 380G 0 part /
|
||||
└─sda4 8:4 0 64G 0 part [SWAP]
|
||||
sdb 8:16 0 2.2T 0 disk
|
||||
└─sdb1 8:17 0 2.2T 0 part /test
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
### fdisk 命令
|
||||
|
||||
查看硬盘和分区的详细信息。
|
||||
|
||||
```shell
|
||||
fdisk -l
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
**输出示例**：
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
磁盘 /dev/sda：480.1 GB, 480103981056 字节，937703088 个扇区
|
||||
Units = 扇区 of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
|
||||
扇区大小(逻辑/物理)：512 字节 / 4096 字节
|
||||
I/O 大小(最小/最佳)：4096 字节 / 4096 字节
|
||||
磁盘标签类型：gpt
|
||||
Disk identifier: F6E9395D-610B-4BB3-B289-8F6A96811113
|
||||
|
||||
# Start End Size Type Name
|
||||
1 2048 411647 200M EFI System EFI System Partition
|
||||
2 411648 2508799 1G Microsoft basic
|
||||
3 2508800 799426559 380G Microsoft basic
|
||||
4 799426560 933644287 64G Linux swap
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
---
|
||||
|
||||
## 网卡信息
|
||||
|
||||
### 查看网卡硬件信息
|
||||
|
||||
```shell
|
||||
lspci | grep -i 'eth'
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
**输出示例**：
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
04:00.0 Ethernet controller: Broadcom Inc. and subsidiaries NetXtreme BCM5720 2-port Gigabit Ethernet PCIe
|
||||
04:00.1 Ethernet controller: Broadcom Inc. and subsidiaries NetXtreme BCM5720 2-port Gigabit Ethernet PCIe
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
### 查看所有网络接口
|
||||
|
||||
```shell
|
||||
ifconfig -a
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
**输出示例**：
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
docker0: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST> mtu 1500
|
||||
inet 172.17.0.1 netmask 255.255.0.0 broadcast 172.17.255.255
|
||||
ether 02:42:66:fe:52:a2 txqueuelen 0 (Ethernet)
|
||||
|
||||
em1: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST> mtu 1500
|
||||
inet 192.168.6.20 netmask 255.255.255.0 broadcast 192.168.6.255
|
||||
ether 2c:ea:7f:a9:fc:76 txqueuelen 1000 (Ethernet)
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
---
|
||||
|
||||
## 综合监控
|
||||
|
||||
### top 命令
|
||||
|
||||
动态显示进程和系统资源使用情况。
|
||||
|
||||
```shell
|
||||
top
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
### htop 命令
|
||||
|
||||
更友好的交互式进程查看器（需安装）。
|
||||
|
||||
```shell
|
||||
# 安装
|
||||
yum install -y htop
|
||||
|
||||
# 运行
|
||||
htop
|
||||
```
|
||||
Reference in New Issue
Block a user